Countries with fastest growing economies 2022
Russian foreign trade
reports and reviews

Russian foreign trade in 2012

by Russian Foreign Trade
based on data from the Federal Customs Service of Russia
The Report on Russia’s foreign trade in goods in 2012: turnover, exports, imports, products, dynamics.

Russia’s Trade

In 2012, Russia’s trade totaled $841,999 million, up 2.37% ($19,520 million) from 2011.

Russia’s exports in 2012 totaled $524,735 million, up 1.55% ($8,018 million) from 2011.

Russia’s imports in 2012 totaled $317,263 million, up 3.76% ($11,503 million) from 2011.

Russia’s trade surplus in 2012 was $207,472 million, a 1.65% decrease ($3,485 million) over 2011.

Russia’s Exports

The major share of Russian exports in 2012 (and in 2011) was accounted for the following product types:

  • Mineral products (HS codes 25-27) - 71.27% of Russia’s total exports (71.15% in 2011);
  • Metals and products from them (HS codes 72-83) - 8.47% of Russia’s total exports (9.20% in 2011);
  • Chemical products (HS codes 28-40) - 6.12% of Russia’s total exports (6.32% in 2011);
  • Machinery, equipment and vehicles (HS codes 84-90) - 4.23% of Russia’s total exports (3.87% in 2011);
  • Food products and agricultural raw materials (HS codes 01-24) - 3.20% of Russia’s total exports (2.58% in 2011);
  • Precious metals and stones (HS code 71) - 2.63% of Russia’s total exports (2.16% in 2011);
  • Wood and wood products (HS codes 44-49) - 1.94% of Russia’s total exports (2.18% in 2011).

The largest gains in Russia’s exports in 2012 over 2011 were recorded for the following product groups:

  • Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes (HS code 27) - an increase of $6,401 million;
  • Natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones,precious metals, metals clad with precious metal and articles thereof; imitation jewelry; coin (HS code 71) - an increase of $2,657 million;
  • Cereals (HS code 10) - an increase of $1,796 million.

The largest declines in Russia’s exports in 2012 over 2011 were recorded for the following product groups:

  • Iron and steel (HS code 72) - a decrease of $2,090 million.
Russia’s exports in 2012 by product groups
HS
code
Name of product group Value of exports
in 2012,
million US dollars
Percent share in total export Value of exports
in 2011,
million US dollars
Percent change
in 2012
over 2011
01 Live animals 12 0.00 13-10.88
02 Meat and edible meat offal 66 0.01 5226.64
03 Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates 2,505 0.48 2,4372.77
04 Dairy produce; birds eggs; natural honey; edible products of animal origin, not elsewhere specified or included 299 0.06 2932.02
05 Products of animal origin, not elsewhere specified or included 48 0.01 3729.18
06 Live trees and other plants; bulbs, roots and the like; cut flowers and ornamental foliage 1 0.00 2-30.85
07 Edible vegetables and certain roots and tubers 341 0.06 25633.37
08 Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons 108 0.02 7151.90
09 Coffee, tea, maté and spices 136 0.03 147-6.94
10 Cereals 6,253 1.19 4,45640.31
11 Products of the milling industry; malt; starches; inulin; wheat gluten 158 0.03 357-55.56
12 Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits; miscellaneous grains, seeds and fruits; industrial or medicinal plants; straw and fodder 405 0.08 22480.66
13 Lac; gums, resins and other vegetable saps and extracts 4 0.00 6-42.38
14 Vegetable plaiting materials; vegetable products not elsewhere specified or included 13 0.00 946.59
15 Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their cleavage products prepared edible fats; animal or vegetable waxes 2,259 0.43 1,26079.29
16 Preparations of meat, of fish or of crustaceans, molluscs or other aquatic invertebrates 185 0.04 214-13.60
17 Sugars and sugar confectionery 280 0.05 310-9.65
18 Cocoa and cocoa preparations 561 0.11 48615.33
19 Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; bakers’ wares 443 0.08 4361.61
20 Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts or other parts of plants 174 0.03 1683.52
21 Miscellaneous edible preparations 485 0.09 523-7.24
22 Beverages, spirits and vinegar 533 0.10 534-0.16
23 Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed 827 0.16 46777.02
24 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes 674 0.13 57217.90
25 Salt; sulfur; earths and stone; plastering materials, lime and cement 1,733 0.33 1,6137.41
26 Ores, slag and ash 3,897 0.74 4,055-3.90
27 Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 368,368 70.20 361,9671.77
28 Inorganic chemicals; organic or inorganic compounds of precious metals, of rare-earth metals,of radioactive elements or of isotopes 7,852 1.50 8,274-5.10
29 Organic chemicals 4,520 0.86 4,637-2.52
30 Pharmaceutical products 644 0.12 48333.54
31 Fertilizers 11,180 2.13 10,3547.98
32 Tanning or dyeing extracts; dyes, pigments, paints, varnishes, putty and mastics 219 0.04 274-20.16
33 Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery, cosmetic or toilet preparations 474 0.09 4378.57
34 Soap, organic surface-active agents, washing preparations, lubricating preparations, artificial waxes, prepared waxes, polishing or scouring preparations, candles and similar articles, modeling pastes, "dental waxes" and dental preparations with a basis of plaster 452 0.09 485-6.80
35 Albuminoidal substances; modified starches; glues; enzymes 27 0.01 34-20.86
36 Explosives; pyrotechnic products; matches; pyrophoric alloys; certain combustible preparations 138 0.03 10432.21
37 Photographic or cinematographic goods 7 0.00 9-27.31
38 Miscellaneous chemical products 538 0.10 548-1.70
39 Plastics and articles thereof 2,118 0.40 2,518-15.89
40 Rubber and articles thereof 3,959 0.75 4,475-11.53
41 Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather 233 0.04 247-5.48
42 Articles of leather; saddlery and harness; travel goods, handbags and similar containers; articles of animal gut (other than silkworm gut) 24 0.00 35-30.73
43 Furskins and artificial fur; manufactures thereof 261 0.05 112133.09
44 Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal 6,751 1.29 7,359-8.25
45 Cork and articles of cork 0 0.00 0182.19
46 Manufactures of straw, of esparto or of other plaiting materials; basketware and wickerwork 0 0.00 044.22
47 Pulp of wood or of other fibrous cellulosic material; waste and scrap of paper or paperboard 1,218 0.23 1,400-13.02
48 Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, of paper or of paperboard 1,939 0.37 2,161-10.29
49 Printed books, newspapers, pictures and other products of the printing industry; manuscripts, typescripts and plans 283 0.05 353-19.77
50 Silk 0 0.00 0-66.47
51 Wool, fine or coarse animal hair; horsehair yarn and woven fabric 23 0.00 58-60.53
52 Cotton 61 0.01 90-32.30
53 Other vegetable textile fibers; paper yarn and woven fabric of paper yarn 22 0.00 211.07
54 Man-made filaments 46 0.01 67-31.44
55 Man-made staple fibers 49 0.01 473.73
56 Wadding, felt and nonwovens; special yarns, twine, cordage, ropes and cables and articles thereof 99 0.02 112-11.81
57 Carpets and other textile floor coverings 6 0.00 6-3.37
58 Special woven fabrics; tufted textile fabrics; lace, tapestries; trimmings; embroidery 8 0.00 12-32.10
59 Impregnated, coated, covered or laminated textile fabrics; textile articles of a kind suitable for industrial use 63 0.01 67-6.25
60 Knitted or crocheted fabrics 8 0.00 630.89
61 Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted 78 0.01 5833.17
62 Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted 129 0.02 11314.26
63 Other made up textile articles; sets; worn clothing and worn textile articles; rags 59 0.01 564.30
64 Footwear, gaiters and the like; parts of such articles 107 0.02 209-48.61
65 Headgear and parts thereof 10 0.00 833.97
66 Umbrellas, sun umbrellas, walking sticks, seatsticks, whips, riding-crops and parts thereof 0 0.00 0-2.70
67 Prepared feathers and down and articles made of feathers or of down; artificial flowers; articles of human hair 0 0.00 0-6.27
68 Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica or similar materials 467 0.09 4464.84
69 Ceramic products 290 0.06 296-2.10
70 Glass and glassware 492 0.09 521-5.52
71 Natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones,precious metals, metals clad with precious metal and articles thereof; imitation jewelry; coin 13,825 2.63 11,16823.80
72 Iron and steel 22,641 4.31 24,730-8.45
73 Articles of iron or steel 3,157 0.60 3,226-2.14
74 Copper and articles thereof 5,800 1.11 5,2809.83
75 Nickel and articles thereof 3,951 0.75 4,704-16.02
76 Aluminum and articles thereof 7,139 1.36 7,981-10.54
78 Lead and articles thereof 202 0.04 208-3.04
79 Zinc and articles thereof 107 0.02 152-29.81
80 Tin and articles thereof 15 0.00 18-12.89
81 Other base metals; cermets; articles thereof 895 0.17 8179.54
82 Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof of base metal 398 0.08 28539.77
83 Miscellaneous articles of base metal 126 0.02 130-3.45
84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 7,718 1.47 7,3544.95
85 Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; sound recorders and reproducers, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 4,635 0.88 4,4434.31
86 Railway or tramway locomotives, rolling-stock and parts thereof; railway or tramway track fixtures and fittings and parts thereof; mechanical (including electro-mechanical) traffic signalling equipment of all kinds 1,531 0.29 1,30817.03
87 Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling stock, and parts and accessories thereof 4,665 0.89 3,82821.87
89 Ships, boats and floating structures 2,149 0.41 1,64330.74
90 Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments and apparatus; parts and accessories thereof 1,481 0.28 1,4154.61
91 Clocks and watches and parts thereof 8 0.00 9-12.03
92 Musical instruments; parts and accessories of such articles 2 0.00 113.84
94 Furniture; bedding, mattresses, mattress supports, cushions and similar stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings, not elsewhere specified or included; illuminated sign illuminated nameplates and the like; prefabricated buildings 457 0.09 4394.19
95 Toys, games and sports requisites; parts and accessories thereof 110 0.02 115-4.77
96 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 142 0.03 20612.76
97 Works of art, collectors’ pieces and antiques 3 0.00 244.70
SS Classified 7,953 1.52 9 976-20.28

Russia’s Imports

The major share of Russian imports in 2012 (and in 2011) was accounted for the following product types:

  • Machinery, equipment and vehicles (HS codes 84-90) - 48.38% of Russia’s total imports (46.47% in 2011);
  • Chemical products (HS codes 28-40) - 15.32% of Russia’s total imports (15.06% in 2011);
  • Food products and agricultural raw materials (HS codes 01-24) - 12.81% of Russia’s total imports (13.91% in 2011);
  • Metals and products from them (HS codes 72-83) - 7.09% of Russia’s total imports (7.31% in 2011);
  • Textiles, textile products and footwear (HS codes 50-67) - 5.69% of Russia’s total imports (5.47% in 2011);
  • Mineral products (HS codes 25-27) - 2.37% of Russia’s total imports (3.23% in 2011);
  • Wood and wood products (HS codes 44-49) - 1.97% of Russia’s total imports (2.21% in 2011).

The largest gains in Russia’s imports in 2012 over 2011 were recorded for the following product groups:

  • Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof (HS code 84) - an increase of $4,387 million;
  • Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; sound recorders and reproducers, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles (HS code 85) - an increase of $3,688 million;
  • Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling stock, and parts and accessories thereof (HS code 87) - an increase of $3,026 million;
  • Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments and apparatus; parts and accessories thereof (HS code 90) - an increase of $2,753 million;
  • Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof of base metal (HS code 82) - an increase of $1,443 million.

The largest declines in Russia’s imports in 2012 over 2011 were recorded for the following product groups:

  • Ships, boats and floating structures (HS code 89) - a decrease of $2,223 million;
  • Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes (HS code 27) - a decrease of $1,935 million;
  • Sugars and sugar confectionery (HS code 17) - a decrease of $1,583 million;
  • Iron and steel (HS code 72) - a decrease of $967 million.
Russia’s imports in 2012 by product groups
HS
code
Name of product group Value of imports in 2012,
million US dollars
Percent share in total import Value of imports in 2011,
million US dollars
Percent change
in 2012
over 2011
01 Live animals 663 0.21 58613.25
02 Meat and edible meat offal 7,412 2.34 7,0285.46
03 Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates 2,379 0.75 2,3272.25
04 Dairy produce; birds eggs; natural honey; edible products of animal origin, not elsewhere specified or included 3,291 1.04 3,722-11.58
05 Products of animal origin, not elsewhere specified or included 117 0.04 139-16.13
06 Live trees and other plants; bulbs, roots and the like; cut flowers and ornamental foliage 989 0.31 9247.02
07 Edible vegetables and certain roots and tubers 2,486 0.78 3,111-20.09
08 Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons 6,280 1.98 6,2430.59
09 Coffee, tea, maté and spices 1,247 0.39 1,2132.84
10 Cereals 502 0.16 39128.35
11 Products of the milling industry; malt; starches; inulin; wheat gluten 177 0.06 220-19.49
12 Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits; miscellaneous grains, seeds and fruits; industrial or medicinal plants; straw and fodder 1,122 0.35 1,154-2.74
13 Lac; gums, resins and other vegetable saps and extracts 158 0.05 1514.19
14 Vegetable plaiting materials; vegetable products not elsewhere specified or included 3 0.00 259.60
15 Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their cleavage products prepared edible fats; animal or vegetable waxes 1,303 0.41 1,589-18.01
16 Preparations of meat, of fish or of crustaceans, molluscs or other aquatic invertebrates 662 0.21 720-8.07
17 Sugars and sugar confectionery 670 0.21 2,253-70.24
18 Cocoa and cocoa preparations 1,396 0.44 1,482-5.83
19 Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; bakers’ wares 1,005 0.32 85517.51
20 Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts or other parts of plants 1,553 0.49 1,5480.34
21 Miscellaneous edible preparations 1,632 0.51 1,684-3.09
22 Beverages, spirits and vinegar 3,098 0.98 2,76412.05
23 Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed 1,214 0.38 1,1277.75
24 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes 1,295 0.41 1,301-0.44
25 Salt; sulfur; earths and stone; plastering materials, lime and cement 1,486 0.47 1,27816.29
26 Ores, slag and ash 1,961 0.62 2,580-24.00
27 Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 4,084 1.29 6,019-32.15
28 Inorganic chemicals; organic or inorganic compounds of precious metals, of rare-earth metals,of radioactive elements or of isotopes 3,597 1.13 3,5421.54
29 Organic chemicals 3,370 1.06 3,0819.38
30 Pharmaceutical products 13,395 4.22 13,2660.97
31 Fertilizers 64 0.02 82-21.90
32 Tanning or dyeing extracts; dyes, pigments, paints, varnishes, putty and mastics 2,689 0.85 2,41811.20
33 Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery, cosmetic or toilet preparations 3,658 1.15 3,4645.62
34 Soap, organic surface-active agents, washing preparations, lubricating preparations, artificial waxes, prepared waxes, polishing or scouring preparations, candles and similar articles, modeling pastes, "dental waxes" and dental preparations with a basis of plaster 1,652 0.52 1,5169.00
35 Albuminoidal substances; modified starches; glues; enzymes 625 0.20 5846.91
36 Explosives; pyrotechnic products; matches; pyrophoric alloys; certain combustible preparations 59 0.02 3952.05
37 Photographic or cinematographic goods 259 0.08 2417.41
38 Miscellaneous chemical products 2,856 0.90 2,7703.13
39 Plastics and articles thereof 11,532 3.63 10,7457.32
40 Rubber and articles thereof 4,855 1.53 4,29712.99
41 Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather 69 0.02 82-15.81
42 Articles of leather; saddlery and harness; travel goods, handbags and similar containers; articles of animal gut (other than silkworm gut) 1,123 0.35 1,0477.25
43 Furskins and artificial fur; manufactures thereof 472 0.15 4524.29
44 Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal 1,453 0.46 1,20320.79
45 Cork and articles of cork 64 0.02 606.95
46 Manufactures of straw, of esparto or of other plaiting materials; basketware and wickerwork 24 0.01 2020.38
47 Pulp of wood or of other fibrous cellulosic material; waste and scrap of paper or paperboard 138 0.04 11717.47
48 Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, of paper or of paperboard 3,752 1.18 4,498-16.58
49 Printed books, newspapers, pictures and other products of the printing industry; manuscripts, typescripts and plans 810 0.26 845-4.11
50 Silk 24 0.01 8213.53
51 Wool, fine or coarse animal hair; horsehair yarn and woven fabric 54 0.02 4617.55
52 Cotton 599 0.19 735-18.45
53 Other vegetable textile fibers; paper yarn and woven fabric of paper yarn 63 0.02 588.26
54 Man-made filaments 546 0.17 596-8.41
55 Man-made staple fibers 858 0.27 881-2.61
56 Wadding, felt and nonwovens; special yarns, twine, cordage, ropes and cables and articles thereof 481 0.15 4516.78
57 Carpets and other textile floor coverings 293 0.09 26212.08
58 Special woven fabrics; tufted textile fabrics; lace, tapestries; trimmings; embroidery 204 0.06 15234.00
59 Impregnated, coated, covered or laminated textile fabrics; textile articles of a kind suitable for industrial use 411 0.13 430-4.26
60 Knitted or crocheted fabrics 491 0.15 42316.06
61 Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted 4,104 1.29 3,48417.80
62 Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted 4,106 1.29 3,72010.38
63 Other made up textile articles; sets; worn clothing and worn textile articles; rags 1,266 0.40 94434.12
64 Footwear, gaiters and the like; parts of such articles 4,233 1.33 4,286-1.23
65 Headgear and parts thereof 213 0.07 16429.77
66 Umbrellas, sun umbrellas, walking sticks, seatsticks, whips, riding-crops and parts thereof 54 0.02 507.87
67 Prepared feathers and down and articles made of feathers or of down; artificial flowers; articles of human hair 46 0.01 47-0.26
68 Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica or similar materials 1,309 0.41 1,18510.52
69 Ceramic products 1,449 0.46 1,3299.04
70 Glass and glassware 1,233 0.39 1,241-0.65
71 Natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones,precious metals, metals clad with precious metal and articles thereof; imitation jewelry; coin 759 0.24 64817.11
72 Iron and steel 6,435 2.03 7,403-13.07
73 Articles of iron or steel 7,822 2.47 8,427-7.18
74 Copper and articles thereof 888 0.28 959-7.40
75 Nickel and articles thereof 374 0.12 25348.08
76 Aluminum and articles thereof 1,733 0.55 1,6445.38
78 Lead and articles thereof 7 0.00 14-45.66
79 Zinc and articles thereof 70 0.02 96-26.64
80 Tin and articles thereof 39 0.01 382.73
81 Other base metals; cermets; articles thereof 315 0.10 26717.67
82 Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof of base metal 3,100 0.98 1,65887.03
83 Miscellaneous articles of base metal 1,715 0.54 1,5897.93
84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 57,810 18.22 53,4238.21
85 Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; sound recorders and reproducers, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 35,613 11.22 31,92411.55
86 Railway or tramway locomotives, rolling-stock and parts thereof; railway or tramway track fixtures and fittings and parts thereof; mechanical (including electro-mechanical) traffic signalling equipment of all kinds 3,416 1.08 3,638-6.09
87 Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling stock, and parts and accessories thereof 44,711 14.09 41,6867.26
89 Ships, boats and floating structures 1,413 0.45 3,636-61.13
90 Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments and apparatus; parts and accessories thereof 10,521 3.32 7,76835.44
91 Clocks and watches and parts thereof 352 0.11 3248.63
92 Musical instruments; parts and accessories of such articles 104 0.03 9410.34
94 Furniture; bedding, mattresses, mattress supports, cushions and similar stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings, not elsewhere specified or included; illuminated sign illuminated nameplates and the like; prefabricated buildings 4,515 1.42 4,1329.27
95 Toys, games and sports requisites; parts and accessories thereof 2,358 0.74 1,96919.74
96 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 1,422 0.45 547159.90
97 Works of art, collectors’ pieces and antiques 16 0.00 25-37.23
SS Classified 5,015 1.58 6 330-20.78
Russian foreign trade statistics
Source: Federal Customs Service of Russia