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Russian foreign trade
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Russian foreign trade in 2020

by Russian Foreign Trade
based on data from the Federal Customs Service of Russia
The Report on Russia’s foreign trade in goods in 2020: turnover, exports, imports, products, dynamics.

Russia’s Trade

In 2020, Russia’s trade was $567,823 million, down 14.81% ($98,734 million) from 2019.

Russia’s exports in 2020 were $336,394 million, down 20.43% ($86,383 million) from 2019.

Russia’s imports in 2020 were $231,430 million, down 5.07% ($12,351 million) from 2019.

Russia’s trade surplus in 2020 was $104,964 million, a 41.36% decrease ($74,032 million) over 2019.

Russia’s Exports

The major share of Russian exports in 2020 (and in 2019) was accounted for the following product types:

  • Mineral products (HS codes 25-27) - 51.19% of Russia’s total exports (63.33% in 2019);
  • Metals and products from them (HS codes 72-83) - 10.37% of Russia’s total exports (8.87% in 2019);
  • Precious metals and stones (HS code 71) - 9.03% of Russia’s total exports (3.61% in 2019);
  • Food products and agricultural raw materials (HS codes 01-24) - 8.80% of Russia’s total exports (5.85% in 2019);
  • Chemical products (HS codes 28-40) - 7.11% of Russia’s total exports (6.39% in 2019);
  • Machinery, equipment and vehicles (HS codes 84-90) - 5.73% of Russia’s total exports (5.32% in 2019);
  • Wood and wood products (HS codes 44-49) - 3.68% of Russia’s total exports (3.02% in 2019).

The largest gains in Russia’s exports in 2020 over 2019 were recorded for the following product groups:

  • Natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones,precious metals, metals clad with precious metal and articles thereof; imitation jewelry; coin (HS code 71) - an increase of $15,101 million;
  • Cereals (HS code 10) - an increase of $2,204 million.

The largest declines in Russia’s exports in 2020 over 2019 were recorded for the following product groups:

  • Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes (HS code 27) - a decrease of $95,523 million;
  • Iron and steel (HS code 72) - a decrease of $2,134 million;
  • Fertilizers (HS code 31) - a decrease of $1,397 million;
  • Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling stock, and parts and accessories thereof (HS code 87) - a decrease of $1,201 million;
  • Organic chemicals (HS code 29) - a decrease of $1,197 million;
  • Inorganic chemicals; organic or inorganic compounds of precious metals, of rare-earth metals,of radioactive elements or of isotopes (HS code 28) - a decrease of $1,174 million;
  • Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; sound recorders and reproducers, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles (HS code 85) - a decrease of $1,169 million.
Russia’s exports in 2020 by product groups
HS
code
Name of product group Value of exports
in 2020,
million US dollars
Percent share in total export Value of exports
in 2019,
million US dollars
Percent change
in 2020
over 2019
01 Live animals 57 0.02 4915.26
02 Meat and edible meat offal 882 0.26 59149.22
03 Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates 4,637 1.38 4,663-0.56
04 Dairy produce; birds eggs; natural honey; edible products of animal origin, not elsewhere specified or included 304 0.09 27311.36
05 Products of animal origin, not elsewhere specified or included 97 0.03 117-17.32
06 Live trees and other plants; bulbs, roots and the like; cut flowers and ornamental foliage 4 0.00 5-26.22
07 Edible vegetables and certain roots and tubers 489 0.15 4694.25
08 Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons 137 0.04 11915.56
09 Coffee, tea, maté and spices 192 0.06 17112.38
10 Cereals 10,126 3.01 7,92127.83
11 Products of the milling industry; malt; starches; inulin; wheat gluten 359 0.11 3289.41
12 Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits; miscellaneous grains, seeds and fruits; industrial or medicinal plants; straw and fodder 1,735 0.52 1,01171.70
13 Lac; gums, resins and other vegetable saps and extracts 10 0.00 11-9.82
14 Vegetable plaiting materials; vegetable products not elsewhere specified or included 18 0.01 19-5.40
15 Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their cleavage products prepared edible fats; animal or vegetable waxes 4,271 1.27 3,43624.28
16 Preparations of meat, of fish or of crustaceans, molluscs or other aquatic invertebrates 232 0.07 19519.06
17 Sugars and sugar confectionery 737 0.22 51243.90
18 Cocoa and cocoa preparations 743 0.22 7262.40
19 Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; bakers’ wares 756 0.22 6889.85
20 Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts or other parts of plants 414 0.12 34121.31
21 Miscellaneous edible preparations 821 0.24 70017.29
22 Beverages, spirits and vinegar 627 0.19 6151.91
23 Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed 1,430 0.43 1,25813.71
24 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes 540 0.16 5350.88
25 Salt; sulfur; earths and stone; plastering materials, lime and cement 922 0.27 1,080-14.66
26 Ores, slag and ash 4,320 1.28 4,1823.28
27 Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 166,955 49.63 262,478-36.39
28 Inorganic chemicals; organic or inorganic compounds of precious metals, of rare-earth metals,of radioactive elements or of isotopes 4,058 1.21 5,232-22.44
29 Organic chemicals 2,478 0.74 3,675-32.56
30 Pharmaceutical products 1,053 0.31 84424.76
31 Fertilizers 7,005 2.08 8,402-16.62
32 Tanning or dyeing extracts; dyes, pigments, paints, varnishes, putty and mastics 340 0.10 350-2.82
33 Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery, cosmetic or toilet preparations 866 0.26 77212.18
34 Soap, organic surface-active agents, washing preparations, lubricating preparations, artificial waxes, prepared waxes, polishing or scouring preparations, candles and similar articles, modeling pastes, "dental waxes" and dental preparations with a basis of plaster 553 0.16 49012.71
35 Albuminoidal substances; modified starches; glues; enzymes 59 0.02 5213.24
36 Explosives; pyrotechnic products; matches; pyrophoric alloys; certain combustible preparations 139 0.04 11323.49
37 Photographic or cinematographic goods 13 0.00 14-1.72
38 Miscellaneous chemical products 952 0.28 996-4.43
39 Plastics and articles thereof 3,776 1.12 3,02624.79
40 Rubber and articles thereof 2,624 0.78 3,032-13.47
41 Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather 57 0.02 88-35.57
42 Articles of leather; saddlery and harness; travel goods, handbags and similar containers; articles of animal gut (other than silkworm gut) 63 0.02 5515.77
43 Furskins and artificial fur; manufactures thereof 40 0.01 50-21.69
44 Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal 8,318 2.47 8,620-3.50
45 Cork and articles of cork 2 0.00 2-7.55
46 Manufactures of straw, of esparto or of other plaiting materials; basketware and wickerwork 1 0.00 119.87
47 Pulp of wood or of other fibrous cellulosic material; waste and scrap of paper or paperboard 1,096 0.33 1,123-2.43
48 Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, of paper or of paperboard 2,420 0.72 2,491-2.85
49 Printed books, newspapers, pictures and other products of the printing industry; manuscripts, typescripts and plans 547 0.16 551-0.73
50 Silk 0 0.00 011.80
51 Wool, fine or coarse animal hair; horsehair yarn and woven fabric 13 0.00 18-28.34
52 Cotton 60 0.02 574.96
53 Other vegetable textile fibers; paper yarn and woven fabric of paper yarn 8 0.00 13-37.99
54 Man-made filaments 73 0.02 703.74
55 Man-made staple fibers 57 0.02 59-2.96
56 Wadding, felt and nonwovens; special yarns, twine, cordage, ropes and cables and articles thereof 187 0.06 16215.28
57 Carpets and other textile floor coverings 14 0.00 1213.08
58 Special woven fabrics; tufted textile fabrics; lace, tapestries; trimmings; embroidery 14 0.00 130.82
59 Impregnated, coated, covered or laminated textile fabrics; textile articles of a kind suitable for industrial use 67 0.02 653.08
60 Knitted or crocheted fabrics 36 0.01 3211.37
61 Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted 261 0.08 21620.78
62 Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted 269 0.08 23613.79
63 Other made up textile articles; sets; worn clothing and worn textile articles; rags 162 0.05 11540.06
64 Footwear, gaiters and the like; parts of such articles 239 0.07 270-11.36
65 Headgear and parts thereof 17 0.01 18-7.04
66 Umbrellas, sun umbrellas, walking sticks, seatsticks, whips, riding-crops and parts thereof 2 0.00 2-24.69
67 Prepared feathers and down and articles made of feathers or of down; artificial flowers; articles of human hair 5 0.00 421.97
68 Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica or similar materials 518 0.15 533-2.85
69 Ceramic products 319 0.09 323-1.34
70 Glass and glassware 702 0.21 755-7.05
71 Natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones,precious metals, metals clad with precious metal and articles thereof; imitation jewelry; coin 30,360 9.03 15,25998.96
72 Iron and steel 16,007 4.76 18,141-11.76
73 Articles of iron or steel 3,402 1.01 3,719-8.52
74 Copper and articles thereof 5,646 1.68 5,2228.11
75 Nickel and articles thereof 3,024 0.90 2,9851.28
76 Aluminum and articles thereof 5,463 1.62 5,839-6.44
78 Lead and articles thereof 174 0.05 1674.59
79 Zinc and articles thereof 39 0.01 2367.62
80 Tin and articles thereof 13 0.00 950.95
81 Other base metals; cermets; articles thereof 710 0.21 1,001-29.02
82 Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof of base metal 198 0.06 1970.28
83 Miscellaneous articles of base metal 201 0.06 1906.13
84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 8,375 2.49 8,992-6.86
85 Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; sound recorders and reproducers, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 4,391 1.31 5,560-21.03
86 Railway or tramway locomotives, rolling-stock and parts thereof; railway or tramway track fixtures and fittings and parts thereof; mechanical (including electro-mechanical) traffic signalling equipment of all kinds 804 0.24 911-11.74
87 Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling stock, and parts and accessories thereof 3,481 1.03 4,682-25.65
89 Ships, boats and floating structures 734 0.22 52041.08
90 Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments and apparatus; parts and accessories thereof 1,479 0.44 1,814-18.45
91 Clocks and watches and parts thereof 38 0.01 3121.08
92 Musical instruments; parts and accessories of such articles 13 0.00 867.03
94 Furniture; bedding, mattresses, mattress supports, cushions and similar stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings, not elsewhere specified or included; illuminated sign illuminated nameplates and the like; prefabricated buildings 640 0.19 666-3.97
95 Toys, games and sports requisites; parts and accessories thereof 209 0.06 1938.17
96 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 331 0.10 3078.06
97 Works of art, collectors’ pieces and antiques 5 0.00 6-13.33
SS Classified 9,365 2.78 10 891-14.01

Russia’s Imports

The major share of Russian imports in 2020 (and in 2019) was accounted for the following product types:

  • Machinery, equipment and vehicles (HS codes 84-90) - 44.35% of Russia’s total imports (43.90% in 2019);
  • Chemical products (HS codes 28-40) - 18.32% of Russia’s total imports (19.59% in 2019);
  • Food products and agricultural raw materials (HS codes 01-24) - 12.84% of Russia’s total imports (12.24% in 2019);
  • Metals and products from them (HS codes 72-83) - 6.84% of Russia’s total imports (7.31% in 2019);
  • Textiles, textile products and footwear (HS codes 50-67) - 6.31% of Russia’s total imports (6.20% in 2019);
  • Mineral products (HS codes 25-27) - 1.90% of Russia’s total imports (2.09% in 2019);
  • Wood and wood products (HS codes 44-49) - 1.49% of Russia’s total imports (1.51% in 2019).

The largest gains in Russia’s imports in 2020 over 2019 were recorded for the following product groups:

  • Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments and apparatus; parts and accessories thereof (HS code 90) - an increase of $816 million.

The largest declines in Russia’s imports in 2020 over 2019 were recorded for the following product groups:

  • Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling stock, and parts and accessories thereof (HS code 87) - a decrease of $5,333 million;
  • Pharmaceutical products (HS code 30) - a decrease of $3,260 million;
  • Iron and steel (HS code 72) - a decrease of $1,290 million;
  • Articles of iron or steel (HS code 73) - a decrease of $887 million;
  • Inorganic chemicals; organic or inorganic compounds of precious metals, of rare-earth metals,of radioactive elements or of isotopes (HS code 28) - a decrease of $766 million.
Russia’s imports in 2020 by product groups
HS
code
Name of product group Value of imports in 2020,
million US dollars
Percent share in total import Value of imports in 2019,
million US dollars
Percent change
in 2020
over 2019
01 Live animals 215 0.09 301-28.80
02 Meat and edible meat offal 1,437 0.62 1,878-23.49
03 Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates 1,682 0.73 1,797-6.36
04 Dairy produce; birds eggs; natural honey; edible products of animal origin, not elsewhere specified or included 2,898 1.25 2,967-2.31
05 Products of animal origin, not elsewhere specified or included 81 0.04 7410.55
06 Live trees and other plants; bulbs, roots and the like; cut flowers and ornamental foliage 524 0.23 563-6.86
07 Edible vegetables and certain roots and tubers 1,729 0.75 1,831-5.58
08 Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons 5,638 2.44 5,09810.58
09 Coffee, tea, maté and spices 1,184 0.51 1,1582.26
10 Cereals 328 0.14 27817.67
11 Products of the milling industry; malt; starches; inulin; wheat gluten 113 0.05 121-6.53
12 Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits; miscellaneous grains, seeds and fruits; industrial or medicinal plants; straw and fodder 1,869 0.81 1,7228.57
13 Lac; gums, resins and other vegetable saps and extracts 217 0.09 232-6.73
14 Vegetable plaiting materials; vegetable products not elsewhere specified or included 11 0.00 764.52
15 Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their cleavage products prepared edible fats; animal or vegetable waxes 1,402 0.61 1,27310.14
16 Preparations of meat, of fish or of crustaceans, molluscs or other aquatic invertebrates 536 0.23 5242.20
17 Sugars and sugar confectionery 315 0.14 362-13.03
18 Cocoa and cocoa preparations 1,222 0.53 1,249-2.16
19 Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; bakers’ wares 852 0.37 880-3.14
20 Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts or other parts of plants 1,174 0.51 1,233-4.77
21 Miscellaneous edible preparations 1,501 0.65 1,4453.86
22 Beverages, spirits and vinegar 2,832 1.22 3,028-6.48
23 Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed 1,116 0.48 95117.27
24 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes 842 0.36 875-3.80
25 Salt; sulfur; earths and stone; plastering materials, lime and cement 627 0.27 732-14.39
26 Ores, slag and ash 1,933 0.84 2,264-14.62
27 Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes 1,848 0.80 2,111-12.46
28 Inorganic chemicals; organic or inorganic compounds of precious metals, of rare-earth metals,of radioactive elements or of isotopes 3,133 1.35 3,900-19.65
29 Organic chemicals 4,572 1.98 4,4462.84
30 Pharmaceutical products 10,809 4.67 14,069-23.17
31 Fertilizers 119 0.05 134-11.30
32 Tanning or dyeing extracts; dyes, pigments, paints, varnishes, putty and mastics 1,828 0.79 1,910-4.31
33 Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery, cosmetic or toilet preparations 2,965 1.28 3,475-14.68
34 Soap, organic surface-active agents, washing preparations, lubricating preparations, artificial waxes, prepared waxes, polishing or scouring preparations, candles and similar articles, modeling pastes, "dental waxes" and dental preparations with a basis of plaster 1,499 0.65 1,526-1.80
35 Albuminoidal substances; modified starches; glues; enzymes 752 0.33 7174.92
36 Explosives; pyrotechnic products; matches; pyrophoric alloys; certain combustible preparations 40 0.02 55-27.39
37 Photographic or cinematographic goods 249 0.11 293-15.22
38 Miscellaneous chemical products 3,473 1.50 3,4042.02
39 Plastics and articles thereof 9,349 4.04 9,830-4.89
40 Rubber and articles thereof 3,616 1.56 3,997-9.55
41 Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather 45 0.02 58-21.91
42 Articles of leather; saddlery and harness; travel goods, handbags and similar containers; articles of animal gut (other than silkworm gut) 822 0.36 964-14.76
43 Furskins and artificial fur; manufactures thereof 115 0.05 253-54.37
44 Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal 620 0.27 6160.72
45 Cork and articles of cork 41 0.02 52-20.60
46 Manufactures of straw, of esparto or of other plaiting materials; basketware and wickerwork 17 0.01 18-5.53
47 Pulp of wood or of other fibrous cellulosic material; waste and scrap of paper or paperboard 167 0.07 177-5.70
48 Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, of paper or of paperboard 2,306 1.00 2,454-6.05
49 Printed books, newspapers, pictures and other products of the printing industry; manuscripts, typescripts and plans 288 0.12 374-22.98
50 Silk 3 0.00 4-32.37
51 Wool, fine or coarse animal hair; horsehair yarn and woven fabric 31 0.01 42-24.89
52 Cotton 533 0.23 552-3.54
53 Other vegetable textile fibers; paper yarn and woven fabric of paper yarn 40 0.02 44-9.95
54 Man-made filaments 487 0.21 513-5.00
55 Man-made staple fibers 533 0.23 617-13.53
56 Wadding, felt and nonwovens; special yarns, twine, cordage, ropes and cables and articles thereof 524 0.23 4946.05
57 Carpets and other textile floor coverings 201 0.09 218-8.15
58 Special woven fabrics; tufted textile fabrics; lace, tapestries; trimmings; embroidery 121 0.05 130-6.55
59 Impregnated, coated, covered or laminated textile fabrics; textile articles of a kind suitable for industrial use 340 0.15 358-5.03
60 Knitted or crocheted fabrics 389 0.17 3549.89
61 Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted 3,047 1.32 3,552-14.23
62 Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted 3,864 1.67 3,7901.94
63 Other made up textile articles; sets; worn clothing and worn textile articles; rags 1,403 0.61 82570.06
64 Footwear, gaiters and the like; parts of such articles 2,884 1.25 3,393-15.00
65 Headgear and parts thereof 145 0.06 155-6.44
66 Umbrellas, sun umbrellas, walking sticks, seatsticks, whips, riding-crops and parts thereof 20 0.01 24-16.20
67 Prepared feathers and down and articles made of feathers or of down; artificial flowers; articles of human hair 40 0.02 41-1.09
68 Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, mica or similar materials 862 0.37 936-7.89
69 Ceramic products 937 0.40 9330.39
70 Glass and glassware 921 0.40 9081.43
71 Natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones,precious metals, metals clad with precious metal and articles thereof; imitation jewelry; coin 792 0.34 1,066-25.66
72 Iron and steel 3,738 1.62 5,028-25.66
73 Articles of iron or steel 5,603 2.42 6,490-13.67
74 Copper and articles thereof 1,564 0.68 1,03251.64
75 Nickel and articles thereof 94 0.04 105-10.53
76 Aluminum and articles thereof 1,067 0.46 1,194-10.64
78 Lead and articles thereof 15 0.01 15-2.32
79 Zinc and articles thereof 123 0.05 162-23.95
80 Tin and articles thereof 16 0.01 26-39.31
81 Other base metals; cermets; articles thereof 310 0.13 407-23.94
82 Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof of base metal 1,671 0.72 1,722-2.94
83 Miscellaneous articles of base metal 1,624 0.70 1,639-0.95
84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof 43,096 18.62 43,235-0.32
85 Electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; sound recorders and reproducers, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories of such articles 30,192 13.05 29,7701.42
86 Railway or tramway locomotives, rolling-stock and parts thereof; railway or tramway track fixtures and fittings and parts thereof; mechanical (including electro-mechanical) traffic signalling equipment of all kinds 748 0.32 1,012-26.11
87 Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling stock, and parts and accessories thereof 18,507 8.00 23,840-22.37
89 Ships, boats and floating structures 1,985 0.86 1,8586.87
90 Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments and apparatus; parts and accessories thereof 8,108 3.50 7,29211.18
91 Clocks and watches and parts thereof 298 0.13 335-11.15
92 Musical instruments; parts and accessories of such articles 108 0.05 108-0.10
94 Furniture; bedding, mattresses, mattress supports, cushions and similar stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings, not elsewhere specified or included; illuminated sign illuminated nameplates and the like; prefabricated buildings 2,791 1.21 2,897-3.66
95 Toys, games and sports requisites; parts and accessories thereof 1,911 0.83 2,147-10.98
96 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 1,086 0.47 1,174-7.51
97 Works of art, collectors’ pieces and antiques 17 0.01 1428.43
SS Classified 7,694 3.32 5 65436.07
Russian foreign trade statistics
Source: Federal Customs Service of Russia